Hollow fiber membranes offer a compelling solution for water treatment applications due to their unique geometric characteristics and exceptional capability. These membrane structures, composed of polymer materials, possess a large surface area to volume ratio, enabling efficient separation of contaminants from water. The multilayered nature of ho… Read More

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are gaining popularity in wastewater treatment due to their ability to produce high-quality effluent. A key factor influencing MBR performance is the selection and optimization of the membrane module. The design of the module, including the type of membrane material, pore size, and surface area, directly impacts mass t… Read More